PEROXISOME AND ITS FUNCTION

PEROXISOMES

1. P. Baudhuin coined the name peroxisome.

OCCURRENCE:- Peroxisome Occur in many  animal cells and in a wide range of plants. They are present in all photosynthetic cells of higher plants. It is also present in Protozoa, brown algae ,fungi etc.

STRUCTURE:- Peroxisomes are variable in size and shape. They have a single limiting unit membrane of lipid and protein molecules.

FUNCTIONS OF PEROXISOMES:-

1. Hydrogen peroxide metabolism- Peroxisome contain enzymes for peroxide formation called oxidase and peroxide destroying enzyme called catalase. Oxidase and catalase are the smallest and largest enzyme of peroxisome respectively. Catalase breaks hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen.

2. Beta-oxidation- oxidation of fatty acids. They are capable of oxidizing fatty acyl coenzyme to acetyl coenzyme using molecular oxygen.

3. Photorespiration- In plants, Peroxisomes are found in photosynthetic cells and participates in photorespiration. For this, they are associated with chloroplast and mitochondria. Peroxisomes pick up glycolate from chloroplast and it is oxidised with the help of molecular oxygen to produce glyoxylate. Hydrogen peroxide is produced as a by product which is catalysed by catalase .

PIC:- PHOTORESPIRATION IN PEROXISOMES

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