LYSOSOME AND IT'S CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

LYSOSOME AND ITS CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

1. Earlier name is 'perinuclear dense bodies'.
2. Christian c Duve renamed this organelle as lysosome.

OCCURRENCE:-
1. It is present in most animal cells and few plant cells.
2. It is absent in bacteria and mature mammalian erythrocytes.
3. Leukocytes , especially granulocytes are a particularly rich source of lysosomes. Their lysosomes are so large that they can be observed under light microscope.

STRUCTURE:-
1. It is bounded by single unit membrane.
2. It is 0.2 to 0.5 micrometre In size .
3. It contains many enzymes.

EXAMPLE OF CELLS CONTAINING LYSOSOMES:-

A) Animal tissues- liver, kidney, Nerve cells, brain, intestinal epithelium, lung epithelium, macrophages, Gland, bone, urinary bladder.
B) Protozoa-leukocytes, amoeba.
C) Plants-onion seeds, corn seedlings, Yeast.
D) Tissue culture cells-HeLa cells, fibroblasts,chick cells.

ENZYMES OF LYSOSOMES:-
A)Proteases and peptidases-
     1. Collagenase
     2. Peptidase
B) Nucleases-
     1. Acid Ribonuclease
     2. Acid deoxyribonuclease
C) Phosphatases-
     1. Acid phosphatase
     2. Phospho-diesterase
D) Enzymes acting on carbohydrates-
     1. b-galactosidase
     2. a-glucosidase
E) Enzymes acting on glucoaminoglycans-
     1. Lysozymes
     2. Hyaluronidase

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