RIBOSOMES

RIBOSOMES

1. In 1940 Albert Claude name it microsomes.
2. In 1952 George Emil Palade described it.
3. In 1958 R.B Roberts coined the name ribosomes.
4. It is present both in prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cell.
5. It is made up of rRNA, ribonucleoprotein, Mg2+, Ca2+ etc.
6. Ribosome is a complex molecular machine found inside the cell that means protein from amino acid in a process called transcription.

TYPES OF RIBOSOMES:-

1. PROKARYOTIC RIBOSOMES (70S)-  The molecular weight of it is 2.8*10^6 Dalton.

       a) Small subunit (30S)- The molecular weight of it is 1*10^6 Dalton. It is made up of 16 S rRNA and 21 types of protein.

      b) Large subunit (50S)- The molecular weight of it is 1.8*10^6 Dalton. It is made up of 5S and 23S rRNA and 31 types of protein.

2. EUKARYOTIC RIBOSOMES (80S)-the molecular weight of it is 4*10^6 Dalton.

       a) Small subunit(40S)- the molecular weight of it is 1.3*10^6 Dalton. It is made up of 18 S rRNA and 30 types of protein.

       b) Large subunit (60S)- the molecular weight of 8 is 2.7*10^6 Dalton. It is made up of 5S,5.8S and 28S rRNA and 40 types of protein.

Structure of ribosome:-the smallest sub unit of life doesn't contain a head, a base , a cleft and a platform. The largest have any content in ridge, a Central protuberance and is stalk.

Function of ribosome:-the main function of ribosome is to form polypeptide chain.

PIC:-STRUCTURE OF PROKARYOTIC RIBOSOME

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